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Into early March, the coffee market saw a dramatic rally to its highest price level since May 1997, yet many factors that are typically associated with an “overbought” market have not materialized. A Brazilian crop of 54.5 million bags in 2010/11 helped to spark a world production surplus of nearly 6 million bags, putting world ending stocks at 31.3 million bags with a stocks/usage ratio of 23.4%. The recent strength in the coffee market has come from a very tight supply of higher quality coffee from Colombia and a relatively tight global stocks situation. In addition, many traders have projected a stronger global demand trend and only a slight uptick in world production for the 2010/11 marketing year.
Many traders also see a tightening world balance for 2011/12, as Brazil shifts to an “off-year” for its production cycle with an expected decline of 8-10 million bags from the previous season. If other world production and usage numbers stay unchanged for the coming year, the drop in Brazilian production would result in world ending stocks declining to around 23.3 million bags for 2011/12, with a stocks/usage ratio of 18%, at or near historic lows. However, Vietnam’s production may rise in 2011/12 as long as weather is favorable. And unless rain drenches coffee trees over the next several weeks, Colombia’s main crop should recover from disastrous production levels of the past few seasons. Colombia’s production hit a 35-year low of 8.1 million bags in 2009/10, but it is expected to reach 9 million bags for 2010/11 and possibly 10 million bags or more in 2011/12.
Monthly ICE exchange coffee warehouse stocks have declined for 28 consecutive months and have fallen to 1.576 million bags from 4.608 million bags just two years ago. This tightening process along with falling exchange stocks in London helped to drive coffee prices to their early March peak. With increased supply flow from Central America and three months of rising green coffee stocks in the US, we may see exchange stocks start to rebuild.
With the recent weakness in sugar and cocoa prices, there have been ideas that coffee will face a similar fate as the high prices of the past nine months encourage investment in coffee production. But coffee has a long production cycle, and it may take several years to rebuild output in key growing areas. There is a potential world a production deficit for the 2011/12 season due to Brazil’s coffee cycle and the quickly growing consumption trend in developing countries. Inventories have been drawn down over the past two years, and it will take time to rebuild them.
With central bank pumping liquidity into the world economy and uncertainty over the US Dollar, we cannot rule out bullish outside market influences for coffee during the coming year. Coffee’s “big picture” fundamental story could cause a resumption of this spring’s uptrend, with a peak possibly not occurring until the Brazilian harvest begins in early July. This also happens to be the coldest period of the year for Brazil’s main production area, and any frost warnings could make prices even more volatile. Once the market has made a significant correction of its current overbought condition, look for a resumption of the longer-term uptrend.
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Coffee: Steady Uptrend, but All Is Not Perfect
by Terry Roggensack on April 28, 2011
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While the coffee market could not return towards the recent highs yesterday, prices were able to avoid losing further ground during this week’s overall commodity weakness. July coffee was unable to take advantage of a weak Dollar and could only finish the session with a minimal gain. While trading was choppy and volatile, prices were able to remain close to last week’s highs for the move. Tight coffee stocks in Europe and North America continue to be the main supportive factors for the market, but coffee prices could not overcome broad-based pressure on commodities in front of the FOMC meeting. There are indications that recent heavy rains in Vietnam may have a negative impact on coffee production during the 2011/12 season. The CEO of major coffee retailer Starbucks said that the current rally in coffee prices was not sustainable. ICE exchange coffee stocks were up 5,300 bags to 1.581 million, with 53,614 bags pending review.
TODAY’S GUIDANCE: July coffee is making an early run at the highs for this rally but may need further support from the supply/demand side to reach new high ground this morning. Given that producers are still showing some reluctance to part with their supplies, this current rally may have plenty of upward momentum left.
TODAY’S MARKET IDEAS: The market remains in a steady uptrend, but there are a few factors which are less than ideal. The technical picture could improve if we begin to see a higher open interest trend. Declining open interest is not a good base of support for an extended bull trend. In addition, the RSI divergence is significant and suggests a loss of upside momentum. At the February peak, RSI was 83. At the March peak, RSI was 82 and at the April 20th peak, RSI was 75. Brazil faces an “off” cycle production year, and the world faces a potential production deficit for the coming season. Outside market factors are also bullish. Uptrend channel support for July coffee comes in at 291.15 today, with some light chart support at 297.00. A resumption of the uptrend leaves 308.45 and 313.95 as the next upside objectives.